1. Definition & Classification Optic atrophy refers to degenerative changes of optic nerve fibers triggered by multiple underlying etiologies. The hallmark manifestations are marked visual loss and constricted visual fields. Clinically, it is categorized into primary optic atrophy and secondary optic atrophy in line with international ophthalmic classification standards. 2. Diagnostic Criteria & Clinical Manifestations … Read more
1. Clinical Definition & Etiology Myopia is a common ametropia presenting with normal external ocular appearance, impaired distance vision and intact near vision. Classified under traditional East Asian medicine as near-sight disorder, this condition is primarily caused by axial elongation of the eyeball. The development of axial lengthening is closely linked to genetic predisposition, physical … Read more
Botanical Source The whole herb of Portulaca oleracea L., a plant of the Portulacaceae family. Nature, Flavor & Meridian Tropism Sour in flavor, cold in nature. It acts on the Liver and Large Intestine meridians. Functions & Indications Clears heat and detoxifies, dissipates blood stasis and relieves swelling. It is used to treat bacillary dysentery, … Read more
Botanical Source Hawthorn The dried ripe fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N.E.Br. or Crataegus pinnatifida Bge., plants of the Rosaceae family. Nature, Flavor & Meridian Tropism Sour and sweet in flavor, slightly warm in nature. It acts on the Spleen, Stomach and Liver meridians. Functions & Indications Promotes digestion and invigorates the stomach, … Read more
Botanical Source The tuber of Dioscorea oppositifolia L., a plant of the Dioscoreaceae family. Nature, Flavor & Meridian Tropism Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature. It acts on the Spleen, Lung and Kidney meridians. Functions & Indications Tonifies qi and nourishes blood, invigorates the spleen, lung and kidney, consolidates essence and relieves leukorrhea. It is … Read more
Botanical Source The dried aerial parts (flowering whole herb) of Cephalanoplos segetum (Bunge) Kitam. [Cirsium segetum Bunge], a species in the Asteraceae family. Its rhizome can also be used medicinally. Nature, Flavor & Meridian Tropism Sweet and bitter in flavor, cool in nature. It acts on the Heart and Liver meridians. Functions & Indications Cools … Read more
Botanical Source The ripe fruit of Foeniculum vulgare Mill., a plant of the Apiaceae family. Nature, Flavor & Meridian Tropism Pungent in flavor, warm in nature. It acts on the Liver, Kidney, Spleen and Stomach meridians. Functions & Indications Dispels cold and relieves pain, regulates qi and harmonizes the stomach, warms the kidney and reduces … Read more
Botanical Name: Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC. Common Names: Sword jackbean, Sabre bean Family & Genus: Fabaceae, Canavalia. It is a twining herbaceous plant. Morphological Characteristics The vine can grow several meters long. It bears pinnately compound leaves with ovate leaflets that have broadly cuneate bases; lateral leaflets are oblique. Petioles are generally shorter than leaf … Read more
Botanical Source The ripe fruit of Illicium verum Hook.f., a plant belonging to the Magnoliaceae family. Nature, Flavor & Meridian Tropism Pungent in flavor, warm in nature. It acts on the Liver, Kidney, Spleen and Stomach meridians. Functions & Indications Warms yang and dispels cold, regulates qi and relieves pain. It is categorized as an … Read more
Botanical Source The flower bud of Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb., a plant of the Myrtaceae family. Nature, Flavor & Meridian Tropism Pungent in flavor, warm in nature. It acts on the Spleen, Stomach and Kidney meridians. Functions & Indications Warms the middle energizer and reverses adverse qi flow; tonifies the kidney and strengthens yang. It is … Read more
